CLICKABLE SOURCES · REVIEW DATES · CHANGE HISTORY
Follow each claim
to its sources.
Search, sort and filter the evidence used in species reports and editorial claims likely to change as new evidence appears. Primary research comes first, synthesis sources are labeled and superseded interpretations remain visible.RELEASE OPERATIONS · AUTOMATED AT EVERY BUILD
Evidence cannot silently detach from its claims.
Inventory
Every route, external citation, DOI, structured claim and structured source is counted into a dated release manifest.
Referential audit
Missing claim-to-source references and duplicate claim or source identifiers stop publication.
Review clock
Dossier review dates and overdue deadlines are shown for the quarterly scientific-review cycle.
Archive history
Material changes move through the public correction ledger; superseded models remain inspectable.
Boundary: automation validates integrity and publication packaging. It does not replace scientific peer review, rights review or human judgment on disputed evidence.
01
Ancient southern African genomic diversity
Genetics · Primary researchCurrent
Shows that living populations do not preserve the full range of ancient regional diversity.
02
Ardipithecus ramidus
Species report · Source type not recordedSmithsonian species evidenceOpen source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the woodland hominin evidence dossier.
03
Ardipithecus ramidus
Species report · Source type not recordedScience special issueOpen source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the woodland hominin evidence dossier.
04
Australopithecus afarensis
Species report · Source type not recordedSmithsonian species evidenceOpen source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the lucy’s species evidence dossier.
05
Australopithecus afarensis
Species report · Source type not recordedLaetoli footprintsOpen source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the lucy’s species evidence dossier.
06
Australopithecus afarensis
Species report · Source type not recordedResearch update · 10.1038/s41586-025-09390-4Open source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the lucy’s species evidence dossier.
07
Chinese Homo erectus enamel proteins
Biomolecules · Primary researchCurrent
Molecular interpretation requires replication and broader sampling.
08
clm-nean-adhesive · Technology
Neanderthal prototype · Primary researchPNAS 2019 · Birch tar production does not prove Neanderthal behavioral complexityOpen source ↗Claim reviewed
Current
Direct evidence · high confidence. Production methods differed and some may be simpler than earlier experimental reconstructions assumed.
09
clm-nean-admixture · Relationships
Neanderthal prototype · Primary researchCurrent
Direct evidence · high confidence. Ancestry percentages vary among individuals and populations; a single global percentage is misleading.
10
clm-nean-admixture · Relationships
Neanderthal prototype · Primary researchScience 2017 · A high-coverage Neandertal genome from Vindija Cave in CroatiaOpen source ↗Claim reviewed
Current
Direct evidence · high confidence. Ancestry percentages vary among individuals and populations; a single global percentage is misleading.
11
clm-nean-admixture · Relationships
Neanderthal prototype · Primary researchNature 2024 · Earliest modern human genomes constrain timing of Neanderthal admixtureOpen source ↗Claim reviewed
Current
Direct evidence · high confidence. Ancestry percentages vary among individuals and populations; a single global percentage is misleading.
12
clm-nean-cave · Construction
Neanderthal prototype · Primary researchCurrent
Direct evidence · high confidence. The structures' specific purpose is unknown; ritual, shelter and other functions cannot be distinguished securely.
13
clm-nean-clothing · Clothing
Neanderthal prototype · Scholarly synthesisCurrent
Strong inference · moderate confidence. Clothing need, hide processing and preserved garments are different evidence categories; regional variation was likely.
14
clm-nean-community · Social life
Neanderthal prototype · Primary researchNature 2022 · Genetic insights into the social organization of NeanderthalsOpen source ↗Claim reviewed
Current
Strong inference · high confidence. One regional community cannot define Neanderthal social organization across their full range and history.
15
clm-nean-diet · Diet
Neanderthal prototype · Primary researchNature 2017 · Neanderthal behaviour, diet, and disease inferred from ancient DNA in dental calculusOpen source ↗Claim reviewed
Current
Direct evidence · high confidence. Dental calculus samples are few and do not measure everything eaten or the proportion of each food.
16
clm-nean-ornament · Symbolic behavior
Neanderthal prototype · Primary researchPLOS ONE 2015 · Evidence for Neandertal Jewelry: Modified White-Tailed Eagle Claws at KrapinaOpen source ↗Claim reviewed
Current
Probable reconstruction · moderate confidence. No cord or complete assembled object survives, so the final arrangement and meaning are inferred.
17
clm-nean-time-range · Chronology
Neanderthal prototype · Primary researchNature 2024 · Earliest modern human genomes constrain timing of Neanderthal admixtureOpen source ↗Claim reviewed
Current
Direct evidence · high confidence. The beginning of the lineage depends on which fossils are classified as Neanderthal or ancestral Neanderthal.
18
Denisovans
Species report · Source type not recordedDenisovan genomeOpen source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the dna-revealed lineage evidence dossier.
19
Denisovans
Species report · Source type not recordedResearch update · 10.1038/s41586-024-07612-9Open source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the dna-revealed lineage evidence dossier.
20
Denisovans
Species report · Source type not recordedResearch update · 10.1126/science.adu9677Open source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the dna-revealed lineage evidence dossier.
21
Denisovans
Species report · Source type not recordedResearch update · 10.1016/j.cell.2025.05.040Open source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the dna-revealed lineage evidence dossier.
22
Denisovans
Species report · Source type not recordedResearch update · 10.1126/science.ads3888Open source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the dna-revealed lineage evidence dossier.
23
Denisovans
Species report · Source type not recordedResearch update · 10.1038/s41586-026-10976-9Open source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the dna-revealed lineage evidence dossier.
24
Denisovans
Species report · Source type not recordedResearch update · 10.1038/s41586-026-10997-4Open source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the dna-revealed lineage evidence dossier.
25
Denisovans
Species report · Source type not recordedXing et al. · The proteome of Middle Pleistocene Xujiayao and common Denisovan morphology · published 2026-10-21Open source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the dna-revealed lineage evidence dossier.
26
Fossil ape and hominin relationships
Human evolution · Primary researchCurrent
Supports a branching, uncertainty-aware account of fossil apes and human origins.
27
H. heidelbergensis as sole common ancestor
Taxonomy · Archive methodSuperseded
Preserved for scholarship history; no longer presented as the canonical solution.
28
Hominin speciation and extinction
Taxonomy · Primary researchCurrent
Supports treating named species counts and extinction patterns as model-dependent.
29
Homo erectus
Species report · Source type not recordedSmithsonian species evidenceOpen source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the long-lived traveler evidence dossier.
30
Homo erectus
Species report · Source type not recordedResearch update · 10.1038/s41586-026-10478-8Open source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the long-lived traveler evidence dossier.
31
Homo erectus
Species report · Primary researchCurrent
Supports the long-lived traveler evidence dossier.
32
Homo erectus
Species report · Primary researchNgandong datingOpen source ↗Reviewed
Current
Supports the long-lived traveler evidence dossier.
33
Homo erectus
Species report · Source type not recordedResearch update · 10.1126/sciadv.adv0752Open source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the long-lived traveler evidence dossier.
34
Homo floresiensis
Species report · Source type not recordedSmithsonian species evidenceOpen source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the island lineage evidence dossier.
35
Homo floresiensis
Species report · Source type not recordedNature discoveryOpen source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the island lineage evidence dossier.
36
Homo floresiensis
Species report · Source type not recordedResearch update · 10.1038/s41467-024-50649-7Open source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the island lineage evidence dossier.
37
Homo habilis
Species report · Source type not recordedSmithsonian species evidenceOpen source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the early homo evidence dossier.
38
Homo habilis
Species report · Source type not recordedOldowan overviewOpen source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the early homo evidence dossier.
39
Homo habilis
Species report · Source type not recordedResearch update · 10.1002/ar.70100Open source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the early homo evidence dossier.
40
Homo naledi
Species report · Source type not recordedSmithsonian species evidenceOpen source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the mosaic african cousin evidence dossier.
41
Homo naledi
Species report · Source type not recordedeLife datingOpen source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the mosaic african cousin evidence dossier.
42
Homo naledi
Species report · Source type not recordedResearch update · 10.1016/j.cell.2026.05.044Open source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the mosaic african cousin evidence dossier.
43
Homo neanderthalensis
Species report · Source type not recordedSmithsonian species evidenceOpen source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the neanderthals evidence dossier.
44
Homo neanderthalensis
Species report · Primary researchNeanderthal genomeOpen source ↗Reviewed
Current
Supports the neanderthals evidence dossier.
45
Homo neanderthalensis
Species report · Source type not recordedResearch update · 10.1016/j.cub.2026.03.069Open source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the neanderthals evidence dossier.
46
Homo neanderthalensis
Species report · Source type not recordedResearch update · 10.1038/s41586-026-10625-1Open source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the neanderthals evidence dossier.
47
Homo neanderthalensis
Species report · Source type not recordedOccupation-duration methods · 18 September 2026Open source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the neanderthals evidence dossier.
48
Homo neanderthalensis
Species report · Source type not recordedMIS 6–5e synthesis · 12 September 2026Open source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the neanderthals evidence dossier.
49
Homo neanderthalensis
Species report · Source type not recordedPomeroy et al. · Evidence for funerary behaviour and lethal trauma in a new Neanderthal individual from Shanidar Cave · published 2026-10-15Open source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the neanderthals evidence dossier.
50
Homo neanderthalensis clothing
Clothing · Scholarly synthesisClothing evidenceOpen source ↗Reviewed
Current
Hide working and cold-climate requirements support clothing, but no complete Neanderthal garment survives. Every cut and fastening shown is a bounded reconstruction.
51
Homo sapiens
Species report · Source type not recordedSmithsonian species evidenceOpen source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the our species evidence dossier.
52
Homo sapiens
Species report · Source type not recordedJebel IrhoudOpen source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the our species evidence dossier.
53
Homo sapiens
Species report · Source type not recordedResearch update · 10.1038/s41586-025-09811-4Open source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the our species evidence dossier.
54
Homo sapiens
Species report · Source type not recordedResearch update · 10.1126/science.aef8874Open source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the our species evidence dossier.
55
Homo sapiens clothing
Clothing · Source type not recordedClothing evidenceOpen source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
The evidence changes radically across our species’ long history. Hide-working tools support early leather or fur garments; much later preserved textiles support specific fibers and weaves. These are not interchangeable styles.
56
Human evolution timeline framework
Timeline · Museum synthesisCurrent
Authoritative orientation source for major dates, fossils, behaviors and environmental context.
57
Liang Metanduno rock art
Behavior · Primary researchCurrent
Minimum age ≥67.8 ka; replaces an older oldest-rock-art statement.
58
Middle Pleistocene Homo
Species report · Source type not recordedLegacy interactive reportOpen source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the heidelbergensis-grade populations evidence dossier.
59
Middle Pleistocene Homo
Species report · Source type not recordedResearch update · 10.1038/s41586-025-09914-yOpen source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the heidelbergensis-grade populations evidence dossier.
60
Middle Pleistocene Homo
Species report · Source type not recordedResearch update · 10.1038/s41559-026-02983-wOpen source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the heidelbergensis-grade populations evidence dossier.
61
Middle Pleistocene Homo
Species report · Source type not recordedResearch update · 10.1016/j.jhevol.2026.103841Open source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the heidelbergensis-grade populations evidence dossier.
62
Paranthropus boisei
Species report · Source type not recordedSmithsonian species evidenceOpen source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the robust side branch evidence dossier.
63
Paranthropus boisei
Species report · Source type not recordedResearch update · 10.1038/s41586-025-09826-xOpen source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the robust side branch evidence dossier.
64
Repeated Denisovan-related contacts in Oceania
Genetics · Primary researchCurrent
Supports multiple introgression episodes instead of one universal Denisovan event.
65
Sahelanthropus tchadensis
Species report · Source type not recordedSmithsonian species evidenceOpen source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the possible earliest hominin evidence dossier.
66
Sahelanthropus tchadensis
Species report · Source type not recordedNature femur analysisOpen source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the possible earliest hominin evidence dossier.
67
Sahelanthropus tchadensis
Species report · Source type not recordedResearch update · 10.1126/sciadv.adv0130Open source ↗Review date not recorded
Current
Supports the possible earliest hominin evidence dossier.
68
Seven Neanderthals north of the Carpathians
Genetics · Primary researchCurrent
Supports regional population-network framing from multi-individual mitochondrial genomes.
69
Thomas Quarry hominins
Human evolution · Primary researchCurrent
773 ka Morocco fossil record; changes Middle Pleistocene ancestry framing.
70
TRACE archaic ancestry
Genetics · Primary researchCurrent
Ghost-lineage inference should be rendered as uncertainty, not a named fossil species.
Reconstruction standard
Unknown appearance is not evidence. Clothing is shown only where material evidence supports manufacture or use; otherwise figures remain unclothed and uncertainty is disclosed.
Correction standard
Material claim changes are dated. Superseded interpretations stay visible when useful for understanding scholarship history.
Coverage limit
The release audit checks every application route and citation in the inventory. Scientific completeness needs ongoing editorial review; a software audit cannot establish it.