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COMPREHENSIVE INTERACTIVE REPORT · Debated

Sahelanthropus tchadensis

Possible earliest hominin7–6 million years ago · Chad
Interpretive portrait of Sahelanthropus tchadensis

Current synthesis

A late Miocene ape known from a distorted cranium, jaws, teeth and limb material. It may lie near the human–chimpanzee divergence, but its precise position is unresolved.

01

Anatomy

Small canines, thick enamel and a forward-positioned foramen magnum are consistent with habitual upright posture, though they do not prove it.

02

Ecology & food

Wooded and waterside habitats within a mosaic landscape, not a simple open savanna.

03

Technology

No securely associated technology.

04

Clothing evidence

No archaeological evidence of clothing. Reconstruction is shown without garments.

05

Behavior & social evidence

Locomotion and diet are inferred from anatomy and context; social behavior is unknown.

06

Relationships

Potential early hominin or a closely related ape branch.

07

Controversies

Distortion of the cranium, limb attribution and how strongly the evidence supports bipedalism.

08

What reaches forward

Shows why the earliest hominin record cannot be represented as a clean linear sequence.

SOURCE DESK

Verify the record.

Smithsonian species evidence ↗Nature femur analysis ↗Research update · 10.1126/sciadv.adv0130 ↗
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